31 Days to a More Effective Compliance Program

We continue to look at fostering an ethical culture through psychological safety, using as a starting point the “Fostering Ethical Conduct Through Psychological Safety” whose authors believe that “when psychological safety is lacking, it may be a consequence of the employee having witnessed unethical behavior.” The more unethical behavior a person sees, the more likely they are to feel psychologically unsafe.

The authors basically state the obvious when they write, “It makes intuitive sense that being in a work environment where unethical behavior is prevalent might diminish psychological safety.” Put another way “people are most reluctant to speak up in ethically troubled environments, where we most need them to do so.” This is an important issue for every CCO and business leader. To overcome such a deficiency, they found that “several other factors correlated with strong speak-up behavior, keeping everything else constant: moral engagement, moral attentiveness, and organizational justice combined with clarity of expectations.”

Moral engagement. As a CCO you should endeavor to create an atmosphere where ethical conduct matters, “so that when employees recognize a potentially unethical situation, they will be motivated to do what’s right.”

Moral attentiveness. You can educate employees to recognize the ethical dimensions of situations. You can have managers highlight examples of ethical and unethical behavior with their teams and encourage dialogue on workplace ethics.

Organizational justice. Obviously, talk is cheap and it is actions, not deeds, that matter. The DOJ has made clear in the 2023 Evaluation of Corporate Compliance Programs that the keeper and responsibility of institutional justice sits with the CCO and the authors find that this same concept “is vital to building a reputation of organizational justice.”

Clarity of expectations. CCOs must communicate a clear message to employees so that employees will have “an understanding of organizational standards and are clear about expectations.”

Unethical conduct can remain hidden for a time but is likely to be discovered eventually, causing far more harm than if it were caught and corrected early. Psychological safety thus can help organizations respond and improve quickly instead of allowing misconduct and unethical behavior to fester and further degrade workplace psychological safety, thus triggering a vicious cycle.”

Three key takeaways:

1. Without psychological safety, corporate culture with suffer.

2. When your CEO engages in illegal behavior what is the impact on culture?

3. Use moral engagement, moral attentiveness, and organizational justice to foster an improved culture.

Do you want to improve your culture? How can you assess your culture and develop a strategy to improve it going forward? In this free webinar on the new tool, The Culture Audit with Tom Fox and Sam Silverstein on Tuesday, November 28, 12 CT. For more information and registration, click here.

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Advancing ethical culture through psychological safety can be a powerful tool. But how can you determine the state of psychological safety in your organization? Once again using the article “Fostering Ethical Conduct Through Psychological Safety” as a starting point, “there are a number of things organizations can do to make it more likely that people will speak up when they observe unethical behaviors.” But one key is psychological safety, defined by co-author Edmondson as “a shared belief held by members of a team that the team is safe for interpersonal risk-taking” — or, put another way, that “we can say what we think” or “be ourselves around here.”

There is a non-siloed nature of psychological safety at the workplace. Ethics, risk management, legal and compliance functions, plus HR all share an interest in fostering such an environment. This mandates a cross-functional approach as an essential requirement of molding an organization’s culture to include psychological safety. The authors believe, “Managers throughout a company must become aware of the blind spots created by a psychologically unsafe environment, along with the associated risk of underreported misconduct.” They also caution that a formal program such as a reporting hotline “may capture only a fraction of the problematic behaviors that occur.” This leads the authors to posit that gauging psychological safety “may help companies determine whether misconduct is being reported and, in turn, enhance the effectiveness of their formal speak-up programs.”

The authors also confirmed a greater problem which is that “in a global context, psychological safety is not uniform across nations.” Survey respondents from “the Americas and Europe tended to score higher on psychological safety than respondents from Asia.” This suggests to the authors that “the potential effectiveness of tailoring interventions that promote speaking up in order to address the specific circumstances of different groups of employees.” Moreover, “global organizations that seek to build psychological safety must assess its various region-specific drivers and derailers to adjust their activities to specific seniorities and cultures.”

 Three key takeaways:

1. How can you determine the state of psychological safety in your organization?

2. Psychologically safety at the workplace is non-siloed.

3. Middle managers are critical.

Do you want to improve your culture? How can you assess your culture and develop a strategy to improve it going forward? In this free webinar on the new tool, The Culture Audit with Tom Fox and Sam Silverstein on Tuesday, November 28, 12 CT. For more information and registration, click here.

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Meric Bloch strongly emphasizes the importance of workplace investigations and fostering a culture of employee compliance. He believes that merely setting up a hotline and establishing policies is insufficient; companies must actively engage with employees to understand their motivations for speaking up or remaining silent. Bloch also underscores the need for accountability and a critical evaluation of the effectiveness of compliance programs. His experiences with multinational companies have shaped his understanding of the challenges they face, particularly the fear of being perceived as incompetent and the difficulties in reporting. 

One of the key points raised by Bloch is the importance of making speaking up meaningful and credible. He pointed out that companies often fail to clearly communicate what should be reported, leading to confusion among employees. Another challenge highlighted by Bloch is the lack of follow-up interviews and education for reporters. He stressed the need for organizations to engage with reporters and gather additional information to gain a better understanding of the context and potential gaps in the initial report. Bloch also discussed the importance of addressing friction points within organizations. He mentioned that employees often hesitate to speak up due to concerns about the involvement of headquarters or fear of retaliation. Organizations need to actively address these concerns and create an environment where employees feel safe and supported when reporting issues.

In order to create a culture of speaking up, organizations must move beyond passive measures such as hotlines and policies. They need to actively engage with employees, educate them about their role in the process, and provide clear guidance on what should be reported. By doing so, organizations can foster a culture of compliance where employees feel empowered to speak up and contribute to maintaining ethical standards.

In order to create a culture of speaking up, organizations must move beyond passive measures such as hotlines and policies. They need to actively engage with employees, educate them about their role in the process, and provide clear guidance on what should be reported. By doing so, organizations can foster a culture of compliance where employees feel empowered to speak up and contribute to maintaining ethical standards.

 Three key takeaways:

1. Your investigation process must go beyond simply policies and procedures.

2. Seeking additional information from a reporter will enhance both the investigative process and your culture.

3. Remove friction points in the speak-up and investigative process. 

Do you want to improve your culture? How can you assess your culture and develop a strategy to improve it going forward? In this free webinar on the new tool, The Culture Audit with Tom Fox and Sam Silverstein on Tuesday, November 28, 12 CT. For more information and registration, click here.

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How can you improve corporate culture through speaking up? In an MIT Sloan Management Review, Summer edition, entitled “Fostering Ethical Conduct Through Psychological Safety” authors Antoine Ferrère, Chris Rider, Baiba Renerte, and Amy Edmondson asked such questions as “How do organizations encourage people to speak up about ethical breaches, whether inadvertent or deliberate?” and “Why do some employees choose to remain silent when others report misconduct?” Additionally, they “analyzed the perceptions of those who report misconduct against those of “silent bystanders” to help “better understand both the drivers and derailers of speaking up — and revealed insights into how leaders and compliance officers can encourage employees to make such reports.’”

The authors believe today, “it is more essential than ever that when misconduct happens or difficult problems arise, there is a strong ethical climate for surfacing information so leaders can respond quickly and appropriately. An environment in which employees feel comfortable reporting such issues is also vital to preventing future misconduct.”

The authors believe that a “healthy organizational culture is one in which speaking up and listening go hand in hand, reinforcing ethical standards. If concerns are expressed, changes can be made promptly.” This is important because it moves from the detect prong to the prevent prong, which is by far the most important and effective prong in any compliance regime. Further ideas or innovations, rather than simply reporting untoward actions, can make a company more efficient and more profitable. This means a company can receive far more benefits than monetary fines or penalty avoidance if psychological safety exists.

 Three key takeaways:

1. How a speak-up culture improves your culture.

2. What is the role of psychological safety in improving culture?

3. What is the role of externals in your corporate culture? 

Do you want to improve your culture? How can you assess your culture and develop a strategy to improve it going forward? In this free webinar on the new tool, The Culture Audit with Tom Fox and Sam Silverstein on Tuesday, November 28, 12 CT. For more information and registration, click here.

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Any top CEO must first listen. But it is more than simply listening to rebuild trust, it is rebuilding employee engagement by making them and their ideas part of the solution. Today, we consider how a compliance listening tour can improve culture.

A.    Engagement

Start off by meeting as many compliance stakeholders as possible. You can use town hall settings or go smaller, meeting with key employee leaders, key stakeholders, and employees identified as high-risk who you can meet with individually or in smaller groups. Listen to their compliance concerns and take their compliance ideas back to the home office. After returning to your office, winnow down their ideas and suggestions to form the basis of enhancements to your culture. This employee engagement will lead to greater stakeholder buy-in for your culture.

B.    Education

But during the town hall meetings, and the smaller more informal group meetings, you can do more than listen, you can also train. This training is on ethics and how the employees could use compliance as a business tool. Moreover, this lays the groundwork for enhancing your culture and the training that will occur as the enhancement is rolled out.

C.    Risk Assessment

Now, think about this same approach from the risk assessment perspective. Listen to your employee’s concerns and listen to the compliance issues raised. From there you can begin to ask questions about what was done and why. This approach is not adversarial or an interrogation. Still, it is ferreting out the employee’s concerns while having the employees educate your compliance team on the actual procedures that are used. By listening, and gently questioning, you should be able to garner enough information to create a risk assessment profile that can inform and even become the basis of compliance program enhancements.

 Three key takeaways:

1. A listening tour can be used to improve your culture.

2. Listening improves engagement, which improves culture.

3. Culture lessens if employees think you don’t care.

Do you want to improve your culture? How can you assess your culture and develop a strategy to improve it going forward? In this free webinar on the new tool, The Culture Audit with Tom Fox and Sam Silverstein on Tuesday, November 28, 12 CT. For more information and registration, click here.

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How can you think through a different way to redesign your culture and compliance program based on an article in MIT Sloan Management, entitled The Four-Step Process for Redesigning Work by Lynda Gratton? Gratton believes that a “fear of failure weighs heavily on many leaders tasked with managing new workplace expectations. Seeing the challenge as a process is the way forward.” Her piece provides a great way to think about the decision on hybrid or other models of working going forward.

Understand What Matters

Reimagine new ways of operating

Model and test new ways of working

Act and create

Gratton ended her piece by challenging leaders to ask themselves three questions: “Where are you now on the journey of redesigning work? Are there steps you need to reengage in a more purposeful manner? Are you clear about what your biggest priorities are? The actions you take now will create your signature model of work and define the deal that you are making with your employees and your customers.” The same is even more so for a Chief Compliance Officer, the corporate compliance function and culture. 

 Three key takeaways:

1. How to think through redesigning your culture.

2. Understand what matters to your employees.

3. Listen, listen, listen. 

Check the free webinar on the new tool, The Culture Audit with Tom Fox and Sam Silverstein on Monday, November 20, 12 CT. For more information and registration, click here.

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For corporations, navigating the political landscape has become an increasingly difficult task. While being admonished to ‘stay in their lane’ by some, businesses are just like their stakeholders, impacted by the ever-changing political miasma. When this new reality is coupled with the new levels of transparency in companies, which are only amplified by social media, a company can be embroiled in public controversies with one or more stakeholder groups. As these situations occur, CCOs and compliance professionals will be called upon to help companies navigate this fraught process.

How can compliance help a company navigate through all of this? To make and implement the best strategic choices in this environment, leaders will have to

1. develop principles to guide strategic choices,
2. address ethical issues early on,
3. consistently communicate and implement their choices,
4. engage beyond the industry to shape the context and
5. learn from mistakes to make better choices in the future.

This is a process that the corporate compliance function can facilitate. If you work through these steps, you should be able to prepare your organization for the next major shock.

Three key takeaways:

1. Why a company can no longer simply ‘stay in its lane’.

2. Compliance should lead the way to develop robust principles to guide cultural choices.

3. Even in culture, continuous improvement is a mandate. 

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One of concepts enshrined in the Monaco Memo is that the Department of Justice (DOJ) will assess corporate culture for any company that may find itself under investigation for Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) violations. This enshrinement is not exactly new as Deputy Attorney General (DAG) Lisa Monaco announced this new DOJ focus in October 2021 in her speech. The parameters of how the DOJ will assess culture are still being worked out but Chief Compliance Officers (CCOs) and compliance professionals need to be considering this issue in the context of their own compliance programs and corporate culture in case the DOJ ever comes knocking.

We begin with assessing your corporate values and then aligning them within your organization. In a recent Harvard Business Review (HBR) article, entitled What Does Your Company Really Stand For?, authors Paul Ingram and Yoonjin Choi explored these and other issues. The authors believe that corporate values are more critical than ever. I have adapted their work for the compliance professional. 

The authors developed a five-step approach for values alignment. 

1.     Identify the values within your employee base and create a values structure.

2.     Identify key priorities from strategy to determine what is the most important thing the organization can do to achieve its strategy.

3.     Wed values that serve both the organization and its employees. 

4.     Begin the assessment process. 

5.     Generate a final list of organizational values. 

From the compliance perspective, the protocol. Recognizing that values are but one part of an overall corporate culture, gives you a mechanism to think through how to begin an overall assessment of your organization. Values do make up a portion of an overall culture. Through the engagement advocated herein, you can not only get a good reading on such key values as trust and respect but, more importantly, learn how to incorporate them as overall assets into your corporate culture. 

 Three key takeaways:

1. The Monaco Memo enshrined the concept that the DOJ will assess culture.

2. What does your company stand for?

3. When properly aligned, values can be a powerful part of corporate culture.

Check the free webinar on the new tool, The Culture Audit with Tom Fox and Sam Silverstein on Tuesday, November 20, 12 CT. For more information and registration, click here.

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Vin DiCianni, founder of Affiliated Monitors, Inc. (AMI), talked about the Monaco speech and culture. He said, “The announcement by Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco and the Justice Department reignited the agency’s concentration of corporate liability for white-collar crimes. In doing so, she emphasized to businesses, their leadership, and the lawyers representing them how important it is to implement and maintain strong, effective compliance programs and how DOJ will con. In other words, the criticality of culture is now paramount. CCOs must focus on growing corporate culture to build the ethical foundation for a successful compliance program.

In the most recent MIT Sloan Management Review issue, Donald Sull and Charles Sull penned an article entitled “10 Things Your Corporate Culture Needs to Get Right”, in which they posited that “knowing what elements of culture matter most to employees can help leaders foster engagement as they transition to a new reality that will include more remote and hybrid work.” It is an excellent review of some of the key elements of corporate culture and how CCOs can move forward to lay the foundation of one.

CCOs and compliance functions face challenges while navigating the post-COVID-19 return to work. Through corporate culture, companies must maintain a healthy culture, as mandated by the DOJ. The authors conclude, “Understanding the elements of culture that matter most to employees can help leaders maintain employee engagement and a vibrant culture as they transition to the new normal.”

Three key takeaways:

1. What distinguishes a good corporate culture from a bad one in the eyes of employees?

2. A good corporate culture forms the basis of a good compliance program.

3. How many elements of a good corporate culture are in your organization?

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In her October 2021 speech, presaging the Monaco Memo, Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco talked at length about the importance of corporate culture. She noted, “Corporate culture matters. A corporate culture that fails to hold individuals accountable or fails to invest in compliance — or worse that thumbs its nose at compliance — leads to bad results. Let me also be clear: a company can fulfill its fiduciary duty to shareholders and maintain a commitment to compliance and lawfulness. Companies serve their shareholders when they proactively place compliance functions and spend resources anticipating problems. They do so both by avoiding regulatory actions in the first place and receiving credit from the government. Conversely, we will ensure the absence of such programs inevitably proves a costly omission for companies who end up the focus of department investigations.” These thoughts were formalized in the Monaco Memo.

What does all this mean for compliance professionals going forward? DOJ officials have emphasized that the changes laid out in the Monaco Memo and the requirements around CCO Certification are to empower compliance professionals. In the Monaco Speech, DAG Monaco stated, “Companies should feel empowered to do the right thing—to invest in compliance and culture and to step up and own up when misconduct occurs. Companies that do so will welcome the announcements today. For those who don’t, however, our Department prosecutors will be empowered, too—to hold accountable those who don’t follow the law.” However you may characterize it, I will channel my inner Glenn Fry (with a nod to Miami Vice) and simply say to CCOs and compliance professionals, “The Heat is On.”

Three Key Takeaway:

1. The DOJ will now evaluate corporate culture in an enforcement action.
2. You must assess, manage, monitor, and improve your culture.
3. Corporate culture is now a key metric for regulators.

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